Exploring Coupled Thermal–Hydrodynamic Phenomena in Sensible Heat Packed Bed Energy Storage through Physics Based Numerical Modelling

The objective of this project is to develop an advanced numerical framework to explore the coupled thermal–hydrodynamic processes governing sensible‑heat packed‑bed energy storage. In the context of the energy transition, packed‑bed systems for sensible thermal energy storage have gained attention due to their simplicity, flexibility, high thermal capacity and low cost. The proposed methodology resolves the spatiotemporal evolution of temperature fields and flow dynamics under multiple charge–discharge cycles, enabling rigorous characterization of efficiency and system behavior. Emphasis will be placed on analysing thermocline stability, stratification degradation, and characterizing thermal‑front propagation. The numerical model will be validated using a dedicated laboratory‑scale packed‑bed facility, supporting the derivation of design and operational criteria that enhance stability and long‑term storage effectiveness.