Impact of Uranium, on mental, cardiovascular and respiratory health in adults

1. Background and Rationale

Mailuu-Suu, located in the Mailuu-Suu, is one of the most environmentally vulnerable areas in Central Asia due to legacy uranium mining and tailings. Between 1946 and 1968, uranium extraction activities resulted in the accumulation of radioactive waste deposits in close proximity to residential areas.

Environmental degradation, including soil instability, landslides, and contamination of water sources, has raised serious concerns regarding chronic exposure to uranium and associated heavy metals. Uranium exposure occurs through ingestion (drinking water, crops), inhalation (dust particles), and dermal contact.

While previous studies have focused primarily on radiation exposure and cancer risks, there is limited evidence regarding the broader health impacts, particularly:

• Mental health (neurotoxicity, anxiety, depression)

• Cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, endothelial dysfunction)

• Respiratory conditions (chronic inflammation, reduced lung function)

Given the growing global interest in environmental determinants of health and planetary health frameworks, this study addresses a critical evidence gap in Kyrgyzstan.

2. Aim

To assess the association between uranium contamination in soil and water and mental, cardiovascular, and respiratory health outcomes among adults in Mailuu-Suu.