Fire-Safety Testing Capabilities for Battery Enclosure Materials

Available tests

Fire testing for planar materials designed to be evaluated as battery enclosure components under extreme thermal and mechanical conditions. The primary test types include:

·       Torch fire-only exposure (baseline thermal resistance)

·       Combined torch & grit cycles (simulated real-world abuse) by following the UL2596 torch & grit type test standard

Test conditions

Flame temperature: 800 to 1200 ± 50 °C, with deviation ±50 °C

Torch tip to sample surface distance: 60 mm

Torch duration: 20 seconds per cycle or >10 minutes for torch flame only test

Grit blasting rate:1.5 ± .15 g/s

Grit exposure cycles: 2–10 typical

Sample size*: Standard (e.g., 200 ×200 mm) or small samples (100 × 100 mm)

* Results from a small sample size cannot be comparable with results from a standard sample size.

Test bench features

·       Closed-loop torch control: Precise control of flame temperature and duration.

·       Grit injection system: Adjustable velocity for consistent abrasion.

·       K-type thermocouples for precise surface and backside temperature measurements

·       Digital video recording from both front and rear sides to capture damage evolution during testing

·       Data acquisition: synchronised recording of backside temperature versus test time.

Applicable standards

Tests are based on the following industry standards:

·       UL 2596 – Section on Torch & Grit Testing

·       GMW 18435 – A General Motors standard

This test result showed material potential for passing the industry certification test in the traction battery pack system-powered electric vehicle sector:

·       UL 9540 / 9540A

·       GB38031-2025

·       UNECE R-100.