Integration & Control of Solar Heat with HTL

One of the main industrial barriers in solar-aided hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) systems is achieving smooth and reliable control between solar heat supply, thermal energy storage (TES), and HTL reactor operation. The HTL process requires stable conditions of around 300–350 °C and 20–30 bar for several hours — but solar input fluctuates with irradiance and weather. These variations can cause thermal instability, affecting process performance and fuel yield.This challenge focuses on developing a smart, automated control system that can dynamically balance and coordinate the energy flow from parabolic trough collectors, storage units, and the HTL reactor. Predictive control algorithms, automated valves, and real-time decision systems are needed to decide when to store, bypass, or release heat. Although identified by the research team at GÜNAM, this challenge directly responds to industrial requirements for scalable, cost-effective solar-aided HTL operation in the biofuels and waste valorization sectors.

Current Status:The system has been validated at laboratory scale with partial integration of solar thermal and HTL components. Advanced control logic and automation integration are under development. Technology Readiness Level (TRL): 4 – Validated in laboratory environment; next steps involve pilot-scale integration and control testing.

Expected Outcomes: Stable and continuous HTL operation using variable solar heat, Reduced dependency on fossil-based backup heat sources, Higher overall system efficiency and process reliability, Pathway toward industrial-scale solar-fueled biocrude production

Impact on Operations:Solving this challenge will enable continuous, low-emission production of renewable fuels using solar heat. For industry, it means lower operating costs, greater energy autonomy, and enhanced sustainability credentials.

Previous Actions: Key technologies have been validated. Next actions include: Pilot and demonstration projects, and joint R&D proposals for EU, national, or bilateral funding calls.