Photonics

Photonics is the science and technology of generating, controlling, and detecting light. It underpins a wide range of modern innovations, from high-speed internet through optical fibers, to advanced imaging, laser-based manufacturing, sensing, and quantum technologies. Applications span across telecommunications, healthcare (e.g., medical imaging, diagnostics), industrial processing (laser cutting, 3D printing), defense and security (lidar, optical sensors), energy (solar cells, efficient lighting), and emerging fields such as augmented reality and quantum communication.